Although Lieutenants were appointed to a few counties in Scotland from about 1715, it was not until 1794 that a Royal Warrant ordered the development of volunteer forces for the defence of the country and permanent lieutenancies were established. Forces were based in each County led by a Lord-Lieutenant who was appointed by the Sovereign and who in turn appointed Deputies. The duties included provision for the protection of their counties in the event of invasion, threat or civil uprising. They directed volunteer forces and, after the 1797 Militia Act, were empowered to raise and command county militia units. After 1802 the Lord-Lieutenant was ex officio a member of the police committee and the local authority but the Local Government (Scotland) Act of 1889 abolished these functions and the role of lieutenancies gradually became largely ceremonial.
The traditional links with the military have been preserved in a modern form in the association of the Lord-Lieutenant with the Armed Forces, the Territorial Army and other Reserve and Cadet Forces. In recent years the links between the Lord-Lieutenant and the uniformed organisations have also led to links with a wide spectrum of voluntary organisations. However the principal role of the Lord-Lieutenant is to represent the Monarchy in the Lieutenancy area.
This is a list of people who served as Lord Lieutenant of Lanarkshire.
- George Douglas-Hamilton, 1st Earl of Orkney 1714 – 29 January 1737
- Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 8th Duke of Hamilton 17 March 1794 – 2 August 1799
- Archibald Douglas-Hamilton, 9th Duke of Hamilton 30 November 1799 – 1802
- Alexander Douglas-Hamilton, 10th Duke of Hamilton 1 November 1802 – 18 August 1852
- William Douglas-Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton 1 October 1852 – 15 July 1863
- Robert Hamilton, 8th Lord Belhaven and Stenton 6 August 1863 – 22 December 1868
- Sir Thomas Colebrooke, 4th Baronet 27 January 1869 – 11 January 1890
- Charles Douglas-Home, 12th Earl of Home 1 February 1890 – 1915
- James Hozier, 2nd Baron Newlands 14 October 1915 – 1921
- Sir Robert King Stewart 18 April 1921 – 20 December 1930
- Sir James Knox 21 March 1931 – 8 May 1938
- Gavin Hamilton, 2nd Baron Hamilton of Dalzell 6 July 1938 – 23 June 1952
- John Colville, 1st Baron Clydesmuir 26 August 1952 – 31 October 1954
- Sir Alexander Stephen 28 January 1955 – 1959
- John Christie Stewart 16 June 1959 – 1963
- Ronald Colville, 2nd Baron Clydesmuir 21 August 1963 – 1992
- Hutchison Burt Sneddon CBE OBE 17 August 1992 – 1999
- vacant
- Gilbert Kirkwood Cox CVO MBE 1 February 2001 – 2010
- Mushtaq Ahmad OBE 11 November 2010 – 13 November 2017
- Susan Lady Haughey CBE 13 November 2017 – present